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Tic Disorders

Tic Disorder Index Tics: Definitions and descriptions
Chief complaint: Unusual movements Other movement patterns and disorders
Medications for tics Articles on tic disorders
Books on tic disorders

Other Movement Patterns and Disorders

Tic:
Sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization

Akathisia:
Movements occuring from an inner feeling of restlessness
Athetoid movements:
Slow, irregular, writhing movements that most frequently involve the fingers and toes and often may also the face and neck
Choreiform movements:
Dancing, random, irregular, nonrepetitive movements
Dystonic movements:
Slower, twisting movements interspersed with prolonged states of muscular tension
Hemiballismic movements:
Intermittent, coarse, large-amplitude, unilateral movements of the arms or legs
Hyperekplexia:
Excessive startle response
Myoclonic movements:
Brief, shocklike muscle contractions that may affect parts of muscles or muscle groups but do not take on synergistic pattern
Opsoclonus:
"Dancing eyes," form of myoclonus
Ocular myoclonus:
Rhythmic vertical oscillations that occur at a rate of approximately 2 Hz
Palatal myoclonus:
Rhythmic oscillations of the palate that occur frequently with ocular myoclonus
Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis:
Choreoathetotic movements, that last seconds to a few minutes and may be stimulated by a sudden movement, hereditary or symptomatic
Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dystonia:
A dystonia triggered by stress, fatigue, alcohol, caffeine that lasts minutes to hours with a familial pattern of transmission
Restless legs syndrome:
A syndrome characterized by a spectrum of symptoms that include periodic movements in sleep and dysesthesia (e.g., crawling sensations underneath skin that are relieved by walking about)
Periodic movements in sleep:
A part of the spectrum of restless legs syndrome involving dorsiflexion of the foot and flexion of knee and thigh happen approximately every 20 second
Painful legs, moving toes:
A syndrome in which toes of one foot continually alternate between flexion and extension motion while deep pain occurs in the ipsilateral leg
Spasms:
A stereotypic, slower, and more prolonged contraction or movement that involves groups of muscles
Hemifacial spasm:
Irregular, repetitive, and unilateral contractions of facial muscles on one side of the face
Oculogyric spasms:
A sustained deviation of the eyes seen with neuroleptics medications or as a result of encephalitis lethargica
Stereotypic movement:
Repetitive and identical motor behavior that often appears seemingly intentional, driven, and nonfunctional in contrast to tics that have a more involuntary. non-rhythmic quality
Stuttering:
A speech disturbance in which the normal fluency and time patterning of speech, is disrupted by frequent repetitions or prolongations of sounds or syllables
Synkinesis:
An involuntary movement that occurs when a person performs a voluntary movement (e.g., when a person intends to opens the eyes the head turns to the side)

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